走过不留痕”户外道德准则框架
The Leave No Trace Principles of outdoor ethics form the framework of Leave No Trace's message:
事先筹备
在坚实的地表行走与露营
处理废弃物
发现的，留存原貌
让营火的影响减至最低
尊重野生动物
想想其他人
Plan Ahead and Prepare
Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces
Dispose of Waste Properly
Leave What You Find
Minimize Campfire Impacts
Respect Wildlife
Be Considerate of Other Visitors
事先筹备
Plan Ahead and Prepare
- 了解前往地的特殊规定。
- 做坏天气、可能危险及紧急状况准备。
- 避开尖峰时段。
- 以小团队前往。分散大团体，四至六人一组。
- 把垃圾量减至最低。
- 用地图及指南针，避免人为信号：漆、石堆或路条。
- Know the regulations and special concerns for the area you'll visit.
- Prepare for extreme weather, hazards, and emergencies.
- Schedule your trip to avoid times of high use.
- Visit in small groups. Split larger parties into groups of 4-6.
- Repackage food to minimize waste.
- Use a map and compass to eliminate the use of marking paint, rock cairns or flagging.
在坚实的地表行走与露营
Travel and Camp on Durable Surfaces
- 坚实的地包括步道、岩石、碎石地、干草或雪地。
- 保护水源区，扎营离湖或河至少两百尺。
- 找营地不是做营地，换营地更不必要。
在密集使用区
- 使用现存步道及营地
- 以一列行走步道，即使湿地或泥泞地。
- 营地范围尽量少，活动集中在无植物生态处。
在未开发地区
- 避免开发出营区或步道。
- 避免使用刚被影响之处。
- Durable surfaces include established trails and campsites, rock, gravel, dry grasses or snow.
- Protect riparian areas by camping at least 200 feet from lakes and streams.
- Good campsites are found, not made. Altering a site is not necessary.
In popular areas:
- Concentrate use on existing trails and campsites.
- Walk single file in the middle of the trail, even when wet or muddy.
- Keep campsites small. Focus activity in areas where vegetation is absent.
In pristine areas:
- Disperse use to prevent the creation of campsites and trails.
- Avoid places where impacts are just beginning.
处理废弃物
Dispose of Waste Properly
- 背进来背出去。检视所经之出，把废弃物、食物残渣及纸屑都带出去。
- 置排泄物的小洞必须六至八寸深，离水源、营地及步道至少两百尺。事毕掩埋并掩饰。
- 卫生纸与其他卫生用品带出去。
- 盥洗或洗碗时，提水到距河或湖两百尺出，少量使用可自然分解的洗洁剂。洗碗水滤渣后分散洒掉。
- Pack it in, pack it out. Inspect your campsite and rest areas for trash or spilled foods. Pack out all trash, leftover food, and litter.
- Deposit solid human waste in catholes dug 6 to 8 inches deep at least 200 feet from water, camp, and trails. Cover and - disguise the cathole when finished.
- Pack out toilet paper and hygiene products.
- To wash yourself or your dishes, carry water 200 feet away from streams or lakes and use small amounts of biodegradable soap. Scatter strained dishwater.
发现的，留存原貌
Leave What You Find
- 维护过往；不要碰触文化或历史遗迹。
- 保持岩石、植物与其他自然物原貌。
- 避免引进非本土的物种。
- 不要打造建物、家俱或挖渠。
- Preserve the past: examine, but do not touch, cultural or historic structures and artifacts.
- Leave rocks, plants and other natural objects as you find them.
- Avoid introducing or transporting non-native species.
- Do not build structures, furniture, or dig trenches.
让营火的影响减至最低
Minimize Campfire Impacts
- 营火对荒野的影响是永恒的。用炉煮食。用烛灯。
- 在允许营火处，只在火圈处生火。
- 生小火。只取地上，手可折的小树枝。
- 烧成灰烬，浇到全熄，分散冷灰烬。
- Campfires can cause lasting impacts to the backcountry. Use a lightweight stove for cooking and enjoy a candle lantern for light.
- Where fires are permitted, use established fire rings, fire pans, or mound fires.
- Keep fires small. Only use sticks from the ground that can be broken by hand.
- Burn all wood and coals to ash, put out campfires completely, then scatter cool ashes.
尊重野生动物
Respect Wildlife
- 远观，勿尾随或靠近。
- 绝不喂食，以免它们的健康受害、摄食习性改变、暴露行藏以及其他危险。
- 切实收藏事物与垃圾，既保护野生动物也保护你。
- 管束宠物，否则留它们在家。
- 避开敏感时节：交配期、筑巢、育雏，或冬季。
- Observe wildlife from a distance. Do not follow or approach them.
- Never feed animals. Feeding wildlife damages their health, alters natural behaviors, and exposes them to predators and other dangers.
- Protect wildlife and your food by storing rations and trash securely.
- Control pets at all times, or leave them at home.
- Avoid wildlife during sensitive times: mating, nesting, raising young, or winter.
想想其他人
Be Considerate of Other Visitors
- 尊重他人应享的游历品质。
- 与礼，狭径相逢应避让。
- 礼让负重游人，避到下坡侧等待。
- 憩息或扎营时远离步道与其他游人。
- 别让你的声音掩盖了大自然的声音。
- Respect other visitors and protect the quality of their experience.
- Be courteous. Yield to other users on the trail.
- Step to the downhill side of the trail when encountering pack stock.
- Take breaks and camp away from trails and other visitors.
- Let nature's sounds prevail. Avoid loud voices and noises.
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